Research
African and Black Diaspora literature, Swahili language and literature, and comparative Bantu cultural studies
Selected Publications
“Mwandishi wa Kiswahili na Lugha Yake Katika Tanzania Huru” (The Swahili Writer and Swahili Language in Post-Independence Tanzania) In Proceedings of the IKR (Institute of Kiswahili Research) Jubilee Symposium. Dar es Salaam: Institute of Kiswahili Research, 2006.
Towards Ujamaa Editor. Social-political essays on the development of Tanzania. Nairobi: East African Literature Bureau, 1974.
Janga Sugu la Wazawa (Everlasting Doom for the Compatriots) Novel in Swahili on witchcraft in contemporary Tanzanian and African society. Dar es Salaam: E & D Ltd., 2002.
Wacha Mungu wa Bibi Kilihona (Grandma Kilihona’s God-loving Children) A research based and documented sociohistorical novel in Swahili (463 typescript pages) on Tanzania since the European colonization of Africa South of the Sahara, with particular 3 emphasis on the consequences of the interaction of African religion, Islam and Christianity in African society.